50 Government Questions and Answers for Senior Secondary School

By Walefash in Academics May 15, 2025

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Q: What is government?
A: Government is the institution through which the will of the state is formulated, expressed, and carried out.
Q: What are the three arms of government?
A: The Executive, Legislature, and Judiciary.
Q: What is sovereignty?
A: Sovereignty is the supreme power of a state to make and enforce laws within its territory without external interference.
Q: What is a constitution?
A: A constitution is a body of fundamental principles and rules that govern a country.
Q: What is democracy?
A: Democracy is a system of government where power is vested in the people, either directly or through elected representatives.
Q: What is dictatorship?
A: Dictatorship is a system of government where power is concentrated in the hands of one person or a small group.
Q: What is the rule of law?
A: Rule of law is the principle that all individuals and institutions are subject to and accountable to the law.
Q: What is political culture?
A: Political culture refers to the attitudes, beliefs, and values that influence political behavior in a society.
Q: What is a unitary system of government?
A: A unitary system is one in which all powers are centralized in a single national government.
Q: What is federalism?
A: Federalism is a system where power is shared between a central government and several subnational units (states).

Q: What was Nigeria’s first constitution?
A: The Clifford Constitution of 1922.
Q: Name two features of the 1946 Richards Constitution.
A: Regionalism and introduction of regional legislatures.
Q: What was the major feature of the 1954 Lyttleton Constitution?
A: It introduced true federalism in Nigeria.
Q: What constitution made Nigeria a republic?
A: The 1963 Republican Constitution.
Q: Which constitution introduced the presidential system in Nigeria?
A: The 1979 Constitution.
Q: What is a written constitution?
A: A written constitution is one that is codified and documented in a single formal document.
Q: What is an unwritten constitution?
A: An unwritten constitution is based on customs, conventions, and judicial decisions rather than a single document.
Q: What is constitutionalism?
A: Constitutionalism is the belief in limiting government power through a constitution.
Q: What are fundamental human rights?
A: They are basic rights and freedoms guaranteed to individuals by the constitution.
Q: Mention two examples of fundamental rights in Nigeria.
A: Right to life and right to freedom of expression.

Q: What is a political party?
A: A political party is an organized group of people who seek to gain political power through elections.
Q: Mention two political parties in Nigeria’s First Republic.
A: Action Group (AG) and National Council of Nigerian Citizens (NCNC).
Q: What is an election?
A: An election is a formal process of selecting leaders through voting.
Q: What is franchise?
A: Franchise is the right to vote in public elections.
Q: What is adult suffrage?
A: It is the right of all adult citizens to vote regardless of race, gender, or wealth.
Q: What is voter apathy?
A: It refers to a lack of interest or unwillingness of citizens to participate in elections.
Q: What is an electoral commission?
A: It is a body responsible for conducting and overseeing elections.
Q: What is the name of Nigeria’s electoral body?
A: Independent National Electoral Commission (INEC).
Q: What is rigging?
A: Rigging is the manipulation of the electoral process to produce a desired result.
Q: What is a manifesto?
A: A manifesto is a public declaration of policies and programs proposed by a political party.

Q: What is the main function of the legislature?
A: Law making.
Q: What is the main function of the executive?
A: Implementation of laws and governance.
Q: What is the main function of the judiciary?
A: Interpretation of laws and administration of justice.
Q: Who heads the executive arm in Nigeria?
A: The President.
Q: What is separation of powers?
A: The division of government powers among the three branches to prevent abuse.
Q: Who is the current Chief Justice of Nigeria?
A: [Update based on current information – as of 2025, this may vary.]
Q: What is impeachment?
A: The process of removing a public official from office for misconduct.
Q: What is bicameral legislature?
A: A legislature that has two chambers or houses, such as the Senate and House of Representatives.
Q: What is judicial independence?
A: It means the judiciary is free from control by the executive or legislature.
Q: What is checks and balances?
A: A system where each branch of government can limit the powers of the others.

Q: What is foreign policy?
A: A government’s strategy in dealing with other nations.
Q: What is the guiding principle of Nigeria’s foreign policy?
A: Africa as the center-piece.
Q: Name two international organizations Nigeria belongs to.
A: United Nations (UN) and African Union (AU).
Q: What does ECOWAS stand for?
A: Economic Community of West African States.
Q: When was Nigeria admitted into the United Nations?
A: 1960.

Q: Who was Nigeria’s first president?
A: Dr. Nnamdi Azikiwe.
Q: When did Nigeria become a republic?
A: 1963.
Q: What type of government does Nigeria operate today?
A: Presidential and Federal system.
Q: Name two major political parties in Nigeria’s Fourth Republic.
A: All Progressives Congress (APC) and People’s Democratic Party (PDP).
Q: What is military rule?
A: A government controlled by the armed forces, often following a coup d’état.

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